[Cov Lus Qhia] Tam sim no, cov cuab yeej cog hauv tsev feem ntau tau txais kev tsim qauv, uas ua rau muaj kev tsis yooj yim rau kev txav thiab thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm. Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog thiab lub hom phiaj tsim ntawm tsev neeg cog qoob loo, tsab xov xwm no nthuav tawm ib hom tshiab ntawm prefabricated tsev neeg cog khoom tsim. Cov cuab yeej muaj plaub ntu: ib qho kev txhawb nqa, kev cog qoob loo, dej thiab chiv, thiab lub teeb ntxiv (feem ntau, LED loj hlob teeb). Nws muaj cov hneev taw me me, siv qhov chaw siab, cov qauv tshiab, yooj yim disassembly thiab sib dhos, tus nqi qis, thiab muaj zog practicability. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog txog lettuce rau celery, ceev zaub, nourishing cabbage thiab begonia fimbristipula. Tom qab kev hloov kho me me, nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev cog qoob loo

Zuag qhia tag nrho Kev tsim cov cuab yeej cog qoob loo

Cov Cai Tsim

Cov khoom siv cog qoob loo prefabricated feem ntau yog tsom rau cov neeg nyob hauv nroog. Pab neeg no tau tshawb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog. Lub cheeb tsam me me thiab qhov chaw siv qhov chaw siab; tus qauv yog tshiab thiab zoo nkauj; nws yooj yim rau disassemble thiab sib sau ua ke, yooj yim thiab yooj yim kawm; nws muaj tus nqi qis thiab muaj zog practicability. Plaub lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no khiav los ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim, thiab siv zog ua kom tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb nrog lub tsev ib puag ncig, zoo nkauj thiab tsim nyog tus qauv, thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag thiab siv tau zoo.

Cov ntaub ntawv siv

Cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa yog yuav los ntawm kev ua lag luam ntau txheej khoom txee, 1.5 m ntev, 0.6 m dav, thiab 2.0 m siab. Cov khoom siv yog hlau, txau thiab xeb-pov thawj, thiab plaub lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev txhawb nqa ncej yog welded nrog nres universal log; ribbed phaj yog xaiv los ntxiv dag zog rau kev txhawb nqa ncej txheej phaj uas yog ua los ntawm 2 hli tuab steel phaj nrog tshuaj tsuag-yas los tiv thaiv xeb, ob daim ib txheej. Lub cultivation trough yog ua los ntawm qhib-cap PVC hydroponic square raj, 10 cm × 10 cm. Cov khoom yog tawv PVC board, thickness ntawm 2.4 hli. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cultivation qhov yog 5 cm, thiab qhov sib nrug ntawm cultivation qhov yog 10 cm. Lub thawv ntim khoom noj lossis lub tank dej yog ua los ntawm lub thawv yas nrog phab ntsa tuab ntawm 7 hli, nrog qhov ntev ntawm 120 cm, dav ntawm 50 cm, thiab qhov siab ntawm 28 cm.

Cultivation Device Structure Design

Raws li tag nrho cov qauv tsim, cov khoom siv cog qoob loo hauv tsev prefabricated muaj plaub ntu: kev txhawb nqa, kev cog qoob loo, dej thiab chiv, thiab lub teeb ntxiv (feem ntau, LED loj hlob teeb). Kev faib tawm hauv qhov system yog qhia hauv daim duab 1.

Daim duab 1, kev faib tawm hauv qhov system yog qhia hauv.

Txhawb kev tsim qauv

Cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa ntawm tsev neeg prefabricated cog cov cuab yeej yog tsim los ntawm tus ncej upright, beam thiab txheej phaj. Cov ncej thiab cov nqaj yog ntxig los ntawm lub qhov npauj npaim buckle, uas yooj yim rau disassemble thiab sib sau ua ke. Lub beam yog nruab nrog ib tug reinforced rib txheej phaj. Plaub lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov thav duab cog qoob loo yog welded nrog universal log nrog brakes los ua kom qhov yooj yim ntawm kev txav ntawm cov cuab yeej cog qoob loo.

Cultivation system tsim

Lub tank cog yog 10 cm × 10 cm hydroponic square raj nrog qhib npog tsim, uas yooj yim los ntxuav, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev cog qoob loo, substrate cultivation lossis av cultivation. Hauv kev cog qoob loo zoo, cov pob tawb cog tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw cog, thiab cov yub tau tsau nrog daim txhuam cev ntawm cov lus qhia sib xws. Thaum lub substrate los yog av yog cog, daim txhuam cev los yog gauze yog khoom rau hauv lub qhov txuas ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm kev cog qoob loo los tiv thaiv lub substrate los yog av los ntawm thaiv cov kua dej. Ob qhov kawg ntawm lub tank cog yog txuas nrog lub voj voog los ntawm cov roj hmab hose nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 30 hli, uas ua tau zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov txheej txheem solidification tshwm sim los ntawm PVC kua nplaum, uas tsis tsim nyog rau kev txav mus los.

Dej thiab Fertilizer Circulation System Design

Hauv kev cog qoob loo zoo, siv lub twj tso kua mis hloov tau los ntxiv cov khoom noj khoom haus rau saum toj kawg nkaus cultivation tank, thiab tswj cov kev taw qhia ntws ntawm cov as-ham los ntawm cov ntsaws sab hauv ntawm PVC yeeb nkab. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig hauv tib txheej txheej cog qoob loo siv txoj kev unidirectional "S-shaped" ntws . Txhawm rau kom cov pa oxygen ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, thaum cov txheej txheem qis tshaj plaws ntawm cov kua dej ntws tawm, ib qho kev sib txawv yog tsim los ntawm cov dej tawm thiab cov kua theem ntawm lub tank dej. Nyob rau hauv substrate los yog av cultivation, lub tank dej yog muab tso rau saum toj txheej, thiab watering thiab fertilization yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug drip irrigation system. Cov yeeb nkab tseem ceeb yog PE yeeb nkab dub nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 32 hli thiab phab ntsa tuab ntawm 2.0 hli, thiab cov ceg yeeb nkab yog cov yeeb nkab dub PE nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 16 hli thiab phab ntsa tuab ntawm 1.2 hli. Txhua ceg yeeb nkab Nruab ib lub valve rau kev tswj tus kheej. Lub ncoo xub siv lub siab-compensated ncaj xub xub dripper, 2 rau ib lub qhov, tso rau hauv paus ntawm cov yub nyob rau hauv lub cultivation qhov. Cov dej ntau dhau yog sau los ntawm cov kav dej, lim thiab rov siv dua.

Lub teeb Supplement System

Thaum cov cuab yeej cog qoob loo yog siv rau kev tsim lub sam thiaj, lub teeb ntuj los ntawm lub sam thiaj tuaj yeem siv yam tsis muaj lub teeb ntxiv lossis me me ntawm lub teeb ntxiv. Thaum cog rau hauv chav tsev nyob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom tiav cov teeb pom kev zoo ntxiv. Lub teeb pom kev zoo yog 1.2 m ntev LED loj hlob lub teeb, thiab lub sijhawm lub teeb yog tswj los ntawm lub sijhawm tsis siv neeg. Lub teeb lub sij hawm yog teem rau 14 h, thiab lub sij hawm tsis ntxiv lub teeb yog 10 h. Muaj 4 LED teeb nyob rau hauv txhua txheej, uas yog ntsia rau hauv qab ntawm txheej. Plaub lub raj ntawm tib txheej yog txuas nrog hauv series, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog txuas nrog tib lub sijhawm. Raws li kev xav tau ntawm cov teeb pom kev sib txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv, LED teeb nrog cov spectrum sib txawv tuaj yeem xaiv.

Device Assembling

Cov khoom siv cog qoob loo hauv tsev prefabricated yog qhov yooj yim hauv cov qauv (Daim duab 2) thiab cov txheej txheem sib dhos yog yooj yim. Hauv thawj kauj ruam, tom qab txiav txim siab qhov siab ntawm txhua txheej raws li qhov siab ntawm cov qoob loo cog qoob loo, ntxig lub nqaj mus rau hauv lub qhov npauj npaim ntawm tus ncej upright los tsim cov cuab yeej pob txha; nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kauj ruam, kho lub LED loj hlob lub teeb raj ntawm lub reinforcing rib nyob rau hauv lub rov qab ntawm txheej, thiab muab cov txheej nyob rau hauv lub puab trough ntawm crossbeam ntawm lub cultivation ncej; qhov thib peb kauj ruam, lub cultivation trough thiab cov dej thiab chiv ncig system yog txuas nrog ib tug roj hmab hose; theem plaub, nruab lub LED raj, teem lub sij hawm tsis siv neeg, thiab tso lub tank dej; lub thib tsib kauj ruam-system debugging, ntxiv dej rau lub tank dej Tom qab kho lub twj tso kua mis lub taub hau thiab ntws, xyuas cov dej thiab chiv circulation system thiab kev twb kev txuas ntawm lub cultivation tank rau dej to, lub hwj chim rau thiab xyuas cov LED teeb kev twb kev txuas thiab kev ua hauj lwm. xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis siv neeg timer.

Daim duab 2, tag nrho cov tsim ntawm prefabricated cultivation ntaus ntawv

Daim ntawv thov thiab kev ntsuam xyuas

Cultivation Application

Xyoo 2019, cov cuab yeej yuav siv rau kev cog qoob loo me me hauv tsev xws li lettuce, Suav cabbage, thiab celery (Daim duab 3). Nyob rau hauv 2020, raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev cog qoob loo yav dhau los, pab pawg tsim cov organic substrate cultivation ntawm cov zaub mov thiab tshuaj homologous zaub thiab cov as-ham tov cultivation technology ntawm Begonia fimbristipula hance, uas enriched lub tsev daim ntawv thov piv txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej. Hauv ob xyoos dhau los ntawm kev cog qoob loo thiab daim ntawv thov, lettuce thiab zaub ceev tuaj yeem sau tau 25 hnub tom qab cog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 20-25 ℃; celery yuav tsum loj hlob rau 35-40 hnub; Begonia fimbristipula Hance thiab Suav cabbage yog cov nroj tsuag perennial uas tuaj yeem sau tau ntau zaus; Begonia fimbristipula tuaj yeem sau rau saum 10 cm stems thiab nplooj nyob rau hauv li 35 hnub, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas stems thiab nplooj tuaj yeem sau tau li ntawm 45 hnub rau kev loj hlob cabbage. Thaum sau, cov qoob loo ntawm lettuce thiab Suav cabbage yog 100 ~ 150 g ib tsob nroj; cov qoob loo ntawm celery dawb thiab liab celery ib tsob nroj yog 100 ~ 120 g; Cov qoob loo ntawm Begonia fimbristipula Hance nyob rau hauv thawj zaug sau yog tsawg, 20-30 g ib tsob nroj, thiab nrog tas li germination ntawm sab ceg, nws yuav tsum tau sau rau lub thib ob lub sij hawm, nrog ib tug ncua sij hawm ntawm txog 15 hnub thiab yields ntawm 60- 80 g rau ib tsob ntoo; Cov qoob loo ntawm cov zaub mov noj qhov chaw yog 50-80 g, sau ib zaug txhua 25 hnub, thiab tuaj yeem sau tsis tu ncua.

Daim duab 3, Kev siv ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom siv cog qoob loo prefabricated

Daim ntawv thov nyhuv

Tom qab ntau tshaj li ib xyoos ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab daim ntawv thov, cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem siv tag nrho ntawm qhov chaw peb-seem ntawm chav rau me me ntawm ntau cov qoob loo. Nws cov haujlwm thauj khoom thiab thauj khoom yog yooj yim thiab yooj yim kawm, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia. Los ntawm kev kho qhov nqa thiab ntws ntawm lub twj tso kua mis dej, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov dej ntws ntau dhau thiab cov dej ntws tawm hauv lub tank cog tuaj yeem zam tau. Qhov qhib npog tsim ntawm lub tank cog tsis tsuas yog yooj yim los ntxuav tom qab siv, tab sis kuj yooj yim los hloov thaum cov khoom siv puas. Lub cultivation tank yog txuas nrog cov roj hmab hose ntawm cov dej thiab cov chiv circulation system, uas paub txog lub modular tsim ntawm lub cultivation tank thiab cov dej thiab chiv circulation system, thiab zam qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kev sib xyaw tsim nyob rau hauv cov tsoos hydroponic ntaus ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv tau rau kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv kev tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias, ntxiv rau cov qoob loo hauv tsev. Nws tsis tsuas yog txuag qhov chaw sim, tab sis kuj ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov sib xws ntawm cov hauv paus kev loj hlob ib puag ncig. Tom qab kev txhim kho yooj yim, cov cuab yeej cog qoob loo kuj tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ntau txoj kev kho mob ntawm rhizosphere ib puag ncig, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev sim cog kev tshawb fawb.

Cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw: Wechat account ntawmAgricultural Engineering Technology (Greenhouse horticulture) 

Cov ntaub ntawv siv: Wang Fei, Wang Changyi, Shi Jingxuan, thiab al.Tsim thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev prefabricated cog[J].Agricultural Engineering Technology,2021,41(16):12-15.