Original Source: Houcheng Liu.Txoj kev loj hlob thiab qauv ntawm LED cog teeb pom kev lag luam[J].Journal of Illumination Engineering,2018,29(04:8-9.
Nqe lus Source: Material Once Deep

Lub teeb yog qhov yooj yim ib puag ncig ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob.Lub teeb tsis tsuas yog muab lub zog rau cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob los ntawm photosynthesis, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb regulator ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob.Artificial light supplement los yog tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo irradiation tuaj yeem txhawb cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob, nce yield, txhim kho cov khoom zoo, xim, txhim khu kev ua haujlwm, thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag.Hnub no, kuv yuav qhia rau koj txog txoj kev loj hlob thiab cov qauv ntawm kev lag luam cog teeb pom kev zoo.
Artificial light source technology yog ntau dua thiab dav siv hauv thaj chaw cog teeb pom kev zoo.LED muaj ntau yam zoo xws li lub teeb pom kev zoo, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tiam, me me, lub neej ntev thiab ntau lwm yam zoo.Nws muaj qhov pom tseeb zoo hauv kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo.Kev loj hlob teeb pom kev lag luam yuav maj mam txais LED teeb pom kev zoo rau cog cog qoob loo.

A. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm LED loj hlob teeb pom kev lag luam 

1.LED pob rau kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo

Hauv kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo LED ntim khoom, muaj ntau hom ntim khoom, thiab tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke kev ntsuas thiab kev ntsuas tus qauv.Yog li ntawd, piv nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov chaw tsim khoom txawv teb chaws feem ntau tsom rau lub zog siab, cob thiab cov lus qhia module, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub teeb dawb series ntawm kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo, txiav txim siab nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj hlob thiab tib neeg teeb pom kev zoo ib puag ncig, muaj kev zoo dua hauv kev ntseeg tau, lub teeb pom kev zoo. efficiency, photosynthetic hluav taws xob cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv nyob rau hauv txawv kev loj hlob cycles, nrog rau ntau yam high-power, nruab nrab lub hwj chim thiab tsawg-power nroj tsuag ntawm txawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg cov khoom, kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv txawv kev loj hlob ib puag ncig, expecting ua tiav. lub hom phiaj ntawm maximizing cog kev loj hlob thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob.

Ntau tus tseem ceeb patents rau chip epitaxial wafers tseem nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam thaum ntxov xws li Nyiv Nichia thiab American Career.Cov tuam txhab nti hauv tsev tseem tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam patented nrog kev sib tw ua lag luam.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau lub tuam txhab tseem tab tom tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo ntim chips.Piv txwv li, Osram's nyias zaj duab xis nti tshuab ua kom cov chips tau ntim zoo ua ke los tsim lub teeb pom kev loj hauv cheeb tsam.Raws li cov thev naus laus zis no, lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED teeb pom kev zoo nrog lub wavelength ntawm 660nm tuaj yeem txo 40% ntawm lub zog siv hauv thaj chaw cog qoob loo.

2. Loj teeb pom kev zoo spectrum thiab khoom siv
Lub spectrum ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo yog complex thiab ntau haiv neeg.Cov nroj tsuag sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv qhov xav tau spectra hauv kev loj hlob sib txawv thiab txawm nyob hauv qhov chaw sib txawv.Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv no, tam sim no muaj cov qauv hauv qab no hauv kev lag luam: ①Multiple monochromatic teeb ua ke schemes.Peb qhov zoo tshaj plaws spectra rau cov nroj tsuag photosynthesis feem ntau yog cov spectrum nrog peaks ntawm 450nm thiab 660nm, 730nm band rau inducing paj paj, ntxiv rau lub teeb ntsuab ntawm 525nm thiab ultraviolet band hauv qab 380nm.Ua ke cov hom spectrum no raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag los tsim cov spectrum zoo tshaj plaws.②Full spectrum scheme kom ua tiav tag nrho cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov nroj tsuag xav tau spectrum.Hom spectrum no sib raug rau SUNLIKE nti sawv cev los ntawm Seoul Semiconductor thiab Samsung tej zaum yuav tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis nws tsim nyog rau txhua yam nroj tsuag, thiab tus nqi qis dua li cov kev daws teeb meem monochromatic.③Siv tag nrho-spectrum dawb lub teeb ua lub hauv paus, ntxiv rau 660nm liab teeb raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm spectrum.Cov txheej txheem no yog kev lag luam ntau dua thiab siv tau.

Cog loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo monochromatic teeb LED chips (lub ntsiab wavelengths yog 450nm, 660nm, 730nm) ntim khoom yog them los ntawm ntau domestic thiab txawv teb chaws tuam txhab uas muag, thaum lub domestic khoom muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab muaj ntau specifications, thiab txawv teb chaws manufacturers 'cov khoom yog ntau standardized.Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm photosynthetic photon flux, lub teeb efficiency, thiab lwm yam, tseem muaj ib tug loj sib txawv ntawm domestic thiab txawv teb chaws ntim manufacturers.Rau cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo monochromatic lub teeb ntim khoom, ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam nrog lub ntsiab wavelength bands ntawm 450nm, 660nm, thiab 730nm, ntau lub tuam txhab tseem tab tom tsim cov khoom tshiab hauv lwm lub wavelength bands kom paub txog qhov ua tiav rau kev yees duab-synthetically active radiation (PAR) wavelength (450-730nm).

Monochromatic LED cog kev loj hlob teeb tsis haum rau kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag.Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm tag nrho-spectrum LEDs yog tseem ceeb.Tag nrho cov spectrum yuav tsum xub ua kom tiav tag nrho ntawm tag nrho cov spectrum ntawm pom lub teeb (400-700nm), thiab ua kom cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob pawg: xiav-ntsuab teeb (470-510nm), sib sib zog nqus liab teeb (660-700nm).Siv cov xim xiav LED lossis ultraviolet LED nti nrog phosphor kom ua tiav "tag nrho" spectrum, thiab nws cov photosynthetic efficiency muaj nws tus kheej siab thiab qis.Feem ntau cov chaw tsim khoom cog teeb pom kev zoo dawb LED ntim khoom siv Blue nti + phosphors kom ua tiav tag nrho cov spectrum.Ntxiv rau qhov ntim hom ntawm lub teeb monochromatic thiab lub teeb xiav lossis ultraviolet nti ntxiv rau phosphor kom paub txog lub teeb dawb, cov khoom ntim cov teeb pom kev zoo kuj tseem muaj cov ntim ntim khoom uas siv ob lossis ntau lub wavelength chips, xws li liab kaum xiav / ultraviolet, RGB, RGBW.Hom ntim no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev dimming.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nqaim-wavelength LED cov khoom, feem ntau cov khoom ntim tuaj yeem muab cov neeg siv khoom nrog ntau yam khoom siv wavelength hauv 365-740nm band.Hais txog cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo spectrum hloov los ntawm phosphors, feem ntau cov tuam txhab ntim khoom muaj ntau yam spectrums rau cov neeg siv khoom xaiv.Piv nrog rau xyoo 2016, nws qhov kev muag khoom loj hlob nyob rau hauv 2017 tau ua tiav ntau yam ntxiv.Ntawm lawv, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm 660nm LED teeb qhov chaw yog concentrated nyob rau hauv 20% -50%, thiab kev muag khoom loj hlob ntawm phosphor-hloov cog LED teeb qhov chaw mus txog 50% -200%, uas yog, kev muag khoom ntawm phosphor-hloov tsob nroj. LED teeb qhov chaw loj hlob sai.

Txhua lub tuam txhab ntim khoom tuaj yeem muab 0.2-0.9 W thiab 1-3 W cov khoom ntim dav dav.Cov teeb pom kev zoo no tso cai rau cov tuam txhab teeb pom kev zoo kom muaj kev hloov pauv zoo hauv kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo.Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov tuam txhab lag luam kuj tseem muab cov khoom lag luam ntim khoom muaj zog dua.Tam sim no, ntau tshaj 80% ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm cov tuam txhab feem ntau yog 0.2-0.9 W lossis 1-3 W. Ntawm lawv, kev xa khoom ntawm cov tuam txhab ntim khoom thoob ntiaj teb yog concentrated hauv 1-3 W, thaum cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm me me thiab nruab nrab- cov tuam txhab ntim khoom loj yog cov concentrated hauv 0.2-0.9 W.

3.Fields ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo

Los ntawm daim ntawv thov, cov nroj tsuag cog teeb pom kev zoo yog siv rau hauv tsev cog khoom teeb pom kev zoo, tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo cog nroj tsuag, cog cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai, kev ua liaj ua teb sab nraum zoov teeb pom kev zoo, tsev cog zaub thiab paj cog, thiab kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj.

① Hauv cov tsev cog khoom hnub ci thiab ntau lub tsev cog khoom, qhov feem ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo rau cov teeb pom kev ntxiv tseem tsis tshua muaj, thiab hlau halide teeb thiab siab siab sodium teeb yog qhov tseem ceeb.Kev nkag mus ntawm LED kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tsawg, tab sis qhov kev loj hlob pib nrawm raws li tus nqi poob.Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog vim li cas cov neeg siv muaj kev paub ntev ntawm kev siv hlau halide teeb thiab high-pressure sodium teeb, thiab kev siv cov hlau halide teeb thiab high-pressure sodium teeb tuaj yeem muab li 6% mus rau 8% ntawm cov cua sov lub zog. tsev cog khoom thaum tsis txhob hlawv rau cov nroj tsuag.Lub teeb pom kev loj hlob ntawm LED tsis tau muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab ua tau zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa, uas ncua nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv nruab hnub nrig thiab ntau lub tsev cog khoom.Tam sim no, daim ntawv thov ua qauv qhia me me tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb.Raws li LED yog lub teeb txias qhov chaw, nws tuaj yeem nyob ze rau ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ua rau muaj qhov kub thiab txias.Nyob rau hauv nruab hnub nrig thiab multi-span greenhouses, LED loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv inter-cog cog.

② Daim ntawv thov kev ua liaj ua teb sab nraum zoov.Kev nkag mus thiab kev siv cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo hauv cov chaw ua liaj ua teb tau qeeb, thaum daim ntawv thov ntawm LED cog teeb pom kev zoo systems (photoperiod tswj) rau sab nraum zoov cov qoob loo ntev ntev nrog kev lag luam siab (xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo) tau ua tiav sai.

③ cog factories.Tam sim no, qhov ceev tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo yog tag nrho cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo cog, uas tau muab faib ua hauv nruab nrab ntawm ntau txheej thiab faib cov khoom cog txav tau los ntawm qeb.Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb pom kev cog qoob loo hauv Suav teb yog ceev heev.Lub peev txheej tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ntau txheej txheej tag nrho cov teeb pom kev cog qoob loo tsis yog cov tuam txhab ua liaj ua teb, tab sis muaj ntau lub tuam txhab koom nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li Zhongke San'an, Foxconn, Panasonic Suzhou, Jingdong, thiab tseem COFCO thiab Xi Cui thiab lwm cov tuam txhab ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub tshiab.Hauv cov chaw cog qoob loo thiab txawb, cov thawv ntim khoom thauj (cov thawv tshiab lossis rov tsim kho cov thawv thib ob) tseem siv tau raws li tus qauv nqa khoom.Cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag dag siv feem ntau siv linear lossis flat-panel array teeb pom kev zoo, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov cog ntau yam txuas ntxiv nthuav dav.Ntau yam kev sim teeb pom kev zoo LED teeb qhov chaw tau pib siv dav thiab dav siv.Cov khoom lag luam hauv khw feem ntau yog cov zaub ntsuab ntsuab.

④ Kev cog qoob loo hauv tsev.LED tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tsev cog ntoo teeb, tsev cog cog racks, tsev cog qoob loo, thiab lwm yam.

⑤ Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj.Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj suav nrog cov nroj tsuag xws li Anoectochilus thiab Lithospermum.Cov khoom lag luam hauv cov kev lag luam no muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua kev lag luam thiab tam sim no yog ib qho kev lag luam nrog ntau daim ntawv thov teeb pom kev zoo.Tsis tas li ntawd, kev cai lij choj ntawm kev cog qoob loo cannabis hauv North America thiab thaj chaw ntawm Tebchaws Europe tau txhawb nqa kev siv LED loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev cog qoob loo cannabis.

⑥ Paj teeb.Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho lub sij hawm flowering ntawm paj nyob rau hauv lub paj vaj kev lag luam, lub ntxov tshaj plaws daim ntawv thov ntawm flowering teeb yog incandescent teeb, ua raws li lub zog-txuag fluorescent teeb.Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm LED industrialization, ntau LED-hom paj teeb pom kev zoo fixtures tau maj hloov cov tsoos teeb.

⑦ Cog kab lis kev cai.Cov kab lis kev cai kab lis kev cai cov teeb pom kev zoo yog cov teeb fluorescent dawb, uas muaj qhov ua tau zoo luminous tsawg thiab tsim hluav taws xob loj.LEDs yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, tswj tau thiab cog qoob loo cog qoob loo vim lawv cov yam ntxwv zoo xws li kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, tsis tshua muaj cua sov thiab lub neej ntev.Tam sim no, cov raj dawb LED tau maj mam hloov cov teeb fluorescent dawb.

4. Regional faib ntawm cov tuam txhab teeb pom kev loj hlob

Raws li kev txheeb cais, tam sim no muaj ntau tshaj 300 lub tuam txhab teeb pom kev zoo hauv kuv lub teb chaws, thiab cov tuam txhab teeb pom kev lag luam loj hlob hauv Pearl River Delta cheeb tsam suav txog ntau dua 50%, thiab lawv twb nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb.Loj hlob cov tuam txhab teeb pom kev zoo hauv Yangtze River Delta account rau txog 30%, thiab nws tseem yog thaj chaw tsim khoom tseem ceeb rau cov khoom lag luam teeb pom kev zoo.Cov tuam txhab cog qoob loo cog qoob loo feem ntau yog faib rau hauv Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta thiab Bohai Rim, uas Yangtze River Delta suav txog 53%, thiab Pearl River Delta thiab Bohai Rim suav txog 24% thiab 22% raws li. .Qhov chaw faib khoom tseem ceeb ntawm LED cog teeb pom kev zoo yog Pearl River Delta (62%), Yangtze River Delta (20%) thiab Bohai Rim (12%).

B. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm LED loj hlob teeb pom kev lag luam

1. Kev tshwj xeeb

LED loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm adjustable spectrum thiab lub teeb siv, tsis tshua muaj tag nrho cov cua sov tiam, thiab zoo waterproof kev ua tau zoo, yog li nws yog haum rau loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam scenes.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig ntuj thiab tib neeg txoj kev nrhiav zaub mov zoo tau txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm cov chaw ua liaj ua teb thiab cov chaw tsim khoom loj hlob, thiab coj LED teeb pom kev lag luam loj hlob mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, LED loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev ua liaj ua teb ua haujlwm, txhim kho zaub mov kev nyab xeeb, thiab txhim kho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub.LED teeb qhov chaw rau kev loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo yuav txhim kho ntxiv nrog kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab txav mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntau dua.

2. Kev ua haujlwm siab

Kev txhim kho lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev siv hluav taws xob yog tus yuam sij kom txo tau cov nqi khiav lag luam ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo.Kev siv cov LEDs los hloov cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb ib puag ncig raws li lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov yub mus rau theem sau qoob loo yog qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb yav tom ntej.Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev txhim kho yield, nws muaj peev xwm cultivated nyob rau hauv cov theem thiab cov cheeb tsam ua ke nrog lub teeb mis raws li txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag los txhim kho cov ntau lawm efficiency thiab yield ntawm txhua theem.Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev txhim kho qhov zoo, kev tswj kev noj haus thiab kev tswj lub teeb tuaj yeem siv los ua kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov as-ham thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho mob.

Raws li kev kwv yees, tam sim no lub teb chaws xav tau rau cov zaub cog qoob loo yog 680 billion, thaum lub peev xwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog yog tsawg dua 10%.Seedling kev lag luam muaj ntau dua ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau.Lub caij tsim khoom feem ntau yog lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav.Lub teeb ntuj tsis muaj zog thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo ntxiv yog xav tau.Cov nroj tsuag loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo muaj qhov kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov zis thiab qhov siab ntawm kev lees txais cov tswv yim.LED muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo, vim tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub (txiv lws suav, dib, melons, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau grafted, thiab cov spectrum tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb supplementation nyob rau hauv high humidity tej yam kev mob yuav txhawb txoj kev kho ntawm grafted seedlings.Greenhouse zaub cog ntxiv lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis muaj lub teeb ntuj, txhim kho cov nroj tsuag photosynthetic efficiency, txhawb kev paj thiab fruiting, nce yield, thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo.LED loj hlob teeb pom kev zoo muaj ib tug dav daim ntawv thov kev cia siab nyob rau hauv zaub seedlings thiab tsev cog khoom ntau lawm.

3. Kev txawj ntse

Cog cog teeb pom kev zoo muaj qhov xav tau rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm kev tswj lub teeb zoo thiab lub teeb kom muaj nuj nqis.Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev tswj cov cuab yeej ntse thiab kev siv hauv Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam, ntau yam ntawm monochromatic spectrums thiab cov kev tswj xyuas ntse tuaj yeem paub txog lub sijhawm tswj, tswj lub teeb, thiab raws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kev hloov kho lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo. yog khi los ua tus qauv tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog teeb pom kev zoo.