Sau: Changji Zhou, Hongbo Li, thiab lwm yam.

Tsab ntawv Source: Tsev cog khoom Horticulture Agricultural Engineering Technology

Qhov no yog lub hauv paus kev sim ntawm Haidian District Agricultural Science Institute, nrog rau Haidian Agricultural High-tech Exhibition thiab Science Park.Nyob rau hauv 2017, tus sau tau coj cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug multi-span yas zaj duab xis kuaj tsev cog khoom nrog high thermal rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm South Kauslim.Tam sim no, Tus Thawj Coj Zheng tau hloov nws mus rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom strawberry ntau lawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis, kev pom thiab xaiv, kev lom zem thiab kev lom zem.Nws yog lub npe hu ua "5G Huab Strawberry", thiab kuv yuav coj koj los ua ke.

Strawberry Tsev cog khoom cog thiab nws qhov chaw siv

Liftable strawberry txee thiab dai system

Cultivation slot thiab cultivation method

Qhov kev cog qoob loo concentrates cov dej thiab cov kua dej hauv qab ntawm qhov cog qoob loo, thiab ib qho ntug tau tsa tawm sab nraud nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw hauv qab ntawm qhov cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntev (los ntawm sab hauv ntawm qhov cog qoob loo, hauv qab zawj. yog tsim rau hauv qab).Cov dej tseem ceeb rau qhov kev cog qoob loo yog tso ncaj qha rau hauv qhov hauv qab no, thiab cov dej leached los ntawm qhov nruab nrab cog qoob loo kuj tau sau rau hauv qhov groove uniformly, thiab thaum kawg tawm ntawm ib kawg ntawm qhov cog qoob loo.

Qhov zoo ntawm kev cog txiv pos nphuab nrog lub lauj kaub cog qoob loo yog tias hauv qab ntawm lub lauj kaub cog qoob loo yog cais tawm hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw cog qoob loo, thiab lub siab aquifer yuav tsis tsim nyob rau hauv qis ntawm lub substrate, thiab tag nrho cov qhov cua ntawm lub cultivation. substrate yog txhim kho;Nws yuav kis tau nrog cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej ntws;Thib peb, yuav tsis muaj qhov xau thaum lub substrate raug ntsia rau hauv lub lauj kaub cog qoob loo, thiab lub txee cog qoob loo zoo huv si thiab zoo nkauj tag nrho.Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj hauv kev no feem ntau yog cov dej ntws thiab cov lauj kaub cog qoob loo nce kev nqis peev hauv kev tsim khoom.

Loj hlob slots thiab pots

Cultivation khib dai thiab lifting system

Lub hanging thiab lifting system ntawm cultivation txee yog yeej ib yam li cov tsoos strawberry lifting cultivation txee.Lub dai buckle ntawm qhov cog qoob loo nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov cog qoob loo, thiab txuas lub buckle thiab rov qab lub log nrog lub ntsej muag-ntev-ntev paj pob tawb ntsia hlau (siv los kho qhov sib xws ntawm qhov siab ntawm kev cog qoob loo).Nyob rau hauv qis chord, lwm kawg yog qhov txhab ntawm lub log txuas nrog lub tsav ncej ntawm lub cev muaj zog reducer.

Cultivation txee dai system

Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov universal hanger system, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb cross-sectional zoo ntawm lub cultivation slots thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm sightseeing zaub, ib co ntawm tus kheej accessories thiab cov chaw kuj innovatively tsim ntawm no.

(1) Cultivation txee hanger.Lub dai buckle ntawm kev cog qoob loo yog thawj zaug kaw-voj buckle, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev khoov thiab vuam steel hlau.Qhov hla ntawm txhua qhov ntawm cov hlua khi yog tib yam, thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo ib yam;Cov ntu hauv qab ntawm lub qhov txuas kuj tau txais qhov sib thooj semi-circular dabtsi yog khoov;Qhov thib peb yog folding nruab nrab ntawm lub buckle rau hauv lub kaum sab xis, thiab lub buckle sab saud yog ncaj qha mus rau ntawm qhov chaw khoov, uas tsis tsuas yog ua kom qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm qhov cog qoob loo, tab sis kuj tsis tshwm sim tom qab deformation, thiab nws kuj ua kom paub tseeb tias lub buckle yog hooked ntseeg tau thiab yuav tsis plam thiab dislocate.

Cultivation txee buckle

(2) Kev ruaj ntseg dai hlua.Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov tsoos hanging system, ib tug ntxiv txheej ntawm kev ruaj ntseg hanging system yog ntsia txhua txhua 6m raws qhov ntev ntawm lub cultivation qhov.Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau kev ruaj ntseg hanging system ntxiv yog, ua ntej, khiav synchronously nrog tsav hanging system;thib ob, kom muaj peev xwm txaus.Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov haujlwm ua haujlwm saum toj no, cov txheej txheem ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav winding tshuab dai yog tsim thiab xaiv kom thim txoj hlua dai ntawm qhov cog qoob loo.Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav winder yog teem nyob rau hauv parallel nrog tsav tsheb dai hlua, thiab yog dai thiab tsau nyob rau hauv qis chord ntawm lub tsev xog paj truss.

Ntxiv Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb

Auxiliary ntau lawm cov cuab yeej ntawm cultivation khib

(1) Cog carding system.Cov kab ke cog qoob loo hais txog ntawm no yog tsim los ntawm ob ntu: ib tsob ntoo carding bracket thiab ib txoj hlua nyiaj xim.Ntawm lawv, cov nroj tsuag carding bracket yog ib qho kev sib dhos ua ke ntawm ib nrab khoov thiab tag nrho U-shaped fold card thiab U-shaped card nrog ob npaug txwv rods.Hauv qab thiab qis dua ib nrab ntawm daim npav U-shaped folded phim rau sab nraud qhov ntev ntawm qhov kev cog qoob loo, thiab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov cog qoob loo los ntawm hauv qab;tom qab nws ob ceg ntoo tshaj qhov qhib txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub cultivation slots, ua ib tug khoov mus cuag lub ob txwv rods, thiab nws kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev txwv lub deformation ntawm qhib lub cultivation slots;nws yog ib tug me me U-shaped khoov uas yog convex upward, uas yog siv los kho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplooj sib cais hlua ntawm strawberries;sab saum toj ntawm daim npav U-shaped yog W-shaped khoov rau kho cov ceg ntoo strawberry thiab nplooj combing hlua.Daim npav U-shaped folded thiab ob chav txwv pas nrig yog tag nrho tsim los ntawm dabtsi yog khoov galvanized steel hlau.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib cais hlua yog siv los sau cov ceg thiab nplooj ntawm strawberry nyob rau hauv qhib dav ntawm lub cultivation qhov, thiab dai cov txiv pos nphuab nyob rau sab nraum lub cultivation qhov, uas tsis yog tsuas yog yooj yim rau khaws txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv strawberry los ntawm qhov ncaj qha txau ntawm cov tshuaj ua kua, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj ntawm strawberry cog.

Cog carding system

(2) qhov txav daj khib.Cov khib nyiab daj tuaj yeem tsim tshwj xeeb, uas yog, ntsug ncej rau dai daj thiab xiav boards yog welded ntawm lub tripod, uas tuaj yeem muab tso ncaj qha rau hauv pem teb tsev cog khoom thiab tuaj yeem txav tau txhua lub sijhawm.

(3) Lub tsheb tiv thaiv tus kheej tsav tsheb.Lub tsheb no tuaj yeem nruab nrog lub tshuab tiv thaiv cog qoob loo, uas yog, lub tshuab tsis siv neeg tsav tsheb, uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag yam tsis muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm sab hauv tsev raws li lub khoos phis tawj npaj, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tswv tsev cog khoom.

cov cuab yeej ntawm cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv

Nutrient Supply thiab Irrigation System

Txoj kev daws teeb meem kev noj haus thiab kev siv dej ntawm qhov project no tau muab faib ua 3 ntu: ib qho yog qhov npaj dej ntshiab;qhov thib ob yog strawberry irrigation thiab fertilization system;qhov thib peb yog cov kua rov ua dua tshiab rau kev cog qoob loo strawberry.Cov cuab yeej siv rau kev npaj cov dej ntshiab thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev daws teeb meem suav nrog ua lub taub hau dej, thiab cov khoom siv rau kev muab thiab xa dej rov qab rau cov qoob loo yog hu ua cov khoom siv dej.

Nutrient Supply thiab Irrigation System

Irrigation pem hauv ntej

Cov cuab yeej siv dej huv yuav tsum feem ntau yog nruab nrog cov xuab zeb thiab gravel lim kom tshem tawm cov xuab zeb, thiab cov khoom siv dej softening kom tshem tawm ntsev.Filtered thiab softened dej huv yog muab cia rau hauv lub tank cia rau tom qab siv.

Cov cuab yeej teeb tsa ntawm kev daws teeb meem feem ntau suav nrog peb lub tso tsheb hlau luam rau A thiab B chiv, thiab lub tank acid rau kev kho pH, thiab ib txheej ntawm cov chiv mixers.Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam A, B thiab acid tank tau teeb tsa thiab sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm lub tshuab chiv raws li cov qauv tsim los tsim cov khoom siv raw, thiab cov khoom siv raw cov ntsiab lus teeb tsa los ntawm lub tshuab chiv yog khaws cia rau hauv Tshuag. tov cia tank rau stand-by.

Khoom noj khoom haus tov khoom npaj

Dej muab thiab xa rov qab system rau strawberry cog

Cov dej xa thiab xa rov qab rau kev cog strawberry siv txoj hauv kev ntawm cov dej hauv nruab nrab thiab rov qab los ntawm ib qho kawg ntawm qhov kev cog qoob loo.Txij li thaum lub cultivation slots txais ib txoj kev nqa thiab dai, ob daim ntawv yog siv rau cov dej thiab xa rov qab kav dej ntawm lub cultivation slots: ib tug yog ib tug ruaj khov yeeb nkab;lwm yam yog ib tug saj zawg zog yeeb nkab uas txav nce thiab nqis nrog lub cultivation qhov.Thaum lub sij hawm irrigation thiab fertilization, cov kua dej los ntawm lub tank dej ntshiab thiab cov kua raw tank yog xa mus rau cov dej thiab chiv integrated tshuab rau kev sib tov raws li tus txheej txheem (ib txoj kev yooj yim siv tau ib tug proportional fertilizer applicator, xws li ib tug Venturi. , thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem siv tau lossis tsis muaj zog) thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau sab saum toj ntawm cov cog qoob loo los ntawm cov kav dej loj (cov kav dej loj yog ntsia rau ntawm lub tsev cog khoom truss raws qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev cog khoom), thiab cov roj hmab hloov pauv tau coj cov dej ntws los ntawm cov kav dej loj mus rau qhov kawg ntawm txhua qhov kev cog qoob loo, tom qab ntawd txuas mus rau cov kav dej hauv cov kav dej hauv qhov chaw cog qoob loo.Cov kav dej ntawm cov kav dej hauv qhov chaw cog qoob loo yog npaj raws li qhov ntev ntawm qhov kev cog qoob loo, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev, cov kav dej xau tau txuas nrog raws li qhov chaw ntawm lub lauj kaub cog qoob loo, thiab cov as-ham tau poob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev cog qoob loo. lauj kaub los ntawm cov kav dej.Cov kua dej ntau dhau exuded los ntawm substrate yog drained mus rau hauv lub cultivation qhov los ntawm lub qhov dej nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub cultivation lauj kaub thiab sau mus rau hauv lub kua ditch nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub cultivation qhov.Kho lub installation qhov siab ntawm lub cultivation slot los tsim ib tug tas li ntws los ntawm ib kawg mus rau lwm yam.Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nqes hav, cov dej xa dej rov qab los ntawm cov dej hauv qab ntawm qhov yuav nws thiaj li sau mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub qhov.Ib qho kev qhib yog teem rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev cog qoob loo txhawm rau txuas lub tank txuas ntawm cov kua xa rov qab, thiab cov kua xa rov qab cov yeeb nkab txuas nrog hauv qab lub tank, thiab cov kua xa rov qab thaum kawg tau sau thiab tawm mus rau hauv cov kua rov qab tank.

Irrigation water supply thiab rov qab system

Kev siv cov kua rov qab

Lub tsev cog qoob loo rov qab ua kua dej no tsis siv lub voj voog kaw ntawm kev tsim cov txiv pos nphuab, tab sis khaws cov kua rov qab los ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab cog thiab siv ncaj qha rau kev cog cov zaub ornamental.Tib qhov kev cog qoob loo qhov siab tib yam li kev cog qoob loo strawberry yog teem rau ntawm plaub phab ntsa peripheral ntawm lub tsev xog paj, thiab qhov chaw cog qoob loo yog sau nrog cov qoob loo substrate kom loj hlob ornamental zaub.Cov kua dej rov qab ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab yog dej ncaj qha rau cov zaub zoo nkauj, siv cov dej huv hauv lub tank cia rau dej txhua hnub.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kav dej thiab xa rov qab cov kav dej ntawm qhov chaw cog qoob loo tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev tsim cov kav dej thiab cov kav xa rov qab.Lub tidal irrigation hom yog saws nyob rau hauv lub cultivation qhov.Thaum lub sij hawm muab dej, lub valve ntawm cov kav dej yog qhib thiab lub valve ntawm cov yeeb nkab xa rov qab raug kaw.Cov yeeb nkab valve raug kaw thiab lub valve qhib.Txoj kev siv dej no txuag cov kav dej ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej hauv cov kav dej hauv qhov chaw cog qoob loo, txuag kev nqis peev, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov zaub ornamental.

Loj hlob Ornamental zaub siv rov ua kua

Tsev cog khoom thiab cov chaw txhawb nqa

Lub tsev cog khoom tau raug xa tawm los ntawm Kaus Lim Qab Teb hauv xyoo 2017. Nws qhov ntev yog 47m, dav yog 23m, nrog rau tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm 1081 m.² .Qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev cog khoom yog 7m, lub bay yog 3m, eaves qhov siab yog 4.5m, thiab lub ridge qhov siab yog 6.4m, nrog rau tag nrho ntawm 3 spans thiab 15 bays.Txhawm rau txhim kho cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev xog paj, 1m dav thermal rwb thaiv tsev txoj kev hauv tsev yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev xog paj, thiab ib txheej sab hauv ob txheej thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntaub yog tsim.Thaum lub sij hawm hloov cov qauv, cov kab rov tav chords nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm txhua kab nruab nrab ntawm cov spans ntawm lub tsev cog khoom qub tau hloov nrog truss beams.

Tsev cog khoom qauv

Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev cog khoom thermal rwb thaiv tsev system khaws cov thawj tsim ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev thiab phab ntsa nrog ob chav thermal rwb thaiv tsev.Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab 3 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov thawj rwb thaiv tsev ntxoov ntxoo net tau ib nrab hnub nyoog thiab puas.Nyob rau hauv lub renovation ntawm lub tsev xog paj, tag nrho cov rwb thaiv tsev curtains tau hloov kho thiab hloov nrog acrylic paj rwb rwb thaiv tsev quilts, uas yog sib dua thiab ntau thermally insulated, domestically ua.Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, cov pob qij txha sib tshooj ntawm lub ru tsev thaiv kab hlau rhuav, phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev quilt thiab lub ru tsev rwb thaiv tsev quilt overlap, thiab tag nrho cov rwb thaiv tsev kaw ntom nti.

Tsev cog khoom Insulation System

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias lub teeb pom kev zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo, lub teeb ci ntxiv tau ntxiv rau hauv kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev cog khoom.Lub teeb ntxiv tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm LED teeb pom kev zoo, txhua lub teeb pom kev loj hlob muaj zog ntawm 50 W, npaj 2 kab ib ntu.Qhov chaw ntawm txhua kab teeb yog 3m.Tag nrho lub teeb lub zog yog 4.5 kW, sib npaug rau 4.61 W / m² nyob rau ib cheeb tsam.Lub teeb siv ntawm 1m qhov siab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 2000 lx.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhim kho lub plnat ntxiv teeb, ib kab ntawm UVB lghts kuj tau nruab rau ntawm txhua qhov kev ncua nrog qhov sib nrug ntawm 2 m, uas feem ntau yog siv rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tu ncua ntawm huab cua hauv tsev cog khoom.Lub zog ntawm ib lub teeb UVB yog 40 W, thiab tag nrho cov teeb tsa lub zog yog 4.36 kW, sib npaug rau 4.47 W / m² nyob rau ib cheeb tsam.

Cov cua sov hauv tsev cog khoom siv lub zog ua kom huv si ntau dua huab cua qhov chaw cua sov, uas xa cov cua kub mus rau hauv tsev cog khoom los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Tag nrho lub zog ntawm cov cua kub twj tso kua mis nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj yog 210kW, thiab 38 units ntawm tshav kub hloov kiv cua yog sib npaug zos rau hauv chav tsev.Lub cua sov dissipation ntawm txhua tus kiv cua yog 5.5kw, uas tuaj yeem ua kom huab cua kub hauv tsev cog khoom siab tshaj 5 ℃ nyob rau sab nraum zoov kub ntawm -15 ℃ hnub txias tshaj plaws hauv Beijing, yog li ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab hauv tsev cog khoom.

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov sib xws ntawm huab cua kub thiab av noo hauv tsev cog khoom thiab tsim qee qhov cua txav hauv tsev, lub tsev cog khoom kuj tau nruab nrog lub kiv cua kab rov tav.Cov kiv cua ncig yog teem rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tsev cog khoom ncua sij hawm nrog lub sijhawm ntawm 18 m, thiab lub zog ntawm ib tus kiv cua yog 0.12 kW.

Tsev cog khoom txhawb kev tswj ib puag ncig

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj:

Changji Zhou, Hongbo, Li, He Zheng, thiab lwm yam.Dr. Zhou tau tshuaj xyuas Shiling (Ib puas thiab nees nkaum rau) qhov kev pom zoo-hom liftable strawberry hanger thiab txhawb cov chaw thiab khoom siv[J].Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2022,42(7):36-42.