Paub meej: Zaub yub yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim zaub, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov yub yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tawm los thiab cov zaub zoo tom qab cog. Nrog rau kev ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm kev faib ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam zaub, zaub seedlings tau maj mam tsim ib qho kev lag luam ywj pheej thiab tau txais kev pabcuam zaub. Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm huab cua tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem yub ib txwm inevitably ntsib ntau yam teeb meem xws li kev loj hlob qeeb, kev loj hlob leggy, thiab kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Txhawm rau tiv nrog leggy seedlings, ntau cov cultivators coj mus muag siv kev loj hlob regulators. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov noob rigidity, zaub mov kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig kev sib kis nrog kev siv cov tswj kev loj hlob. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tswj cov tshuaj, txawm hais tias kev ua kom muaj zog, kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab dej kuj tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob, lawv yooj yim dua thiab siv tau zoo. Raws li kev cuam tshuam los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb kev kis tus kabmob tshiab-19, cov teeb meem ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tsim khoom nyuaj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus thiab nce nqi zog hauv kev lag luam yub tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo technology, kev siv lub teeb pom kev zoo rau zaub yub cog qoob loo muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov noob qoob loo siab, tsis tshua muaj kab tsuag thiab kab mob, thiab yooj yim standardization. Piv nrog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj, lub cim tshiab ntawm LED teeb qhov chaw muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, kev ua haujlwm siab, lub neej ntev, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab ua haujlwm ntev, me me, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thermal, thiab me me wavelength amplitude. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov spectrum tsim nyog raws li kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob xav tau ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm cov nroj tsuag factories, thiab tswj kom raug lub physiological thiab metabolic txheej txheem ntawm seedlings, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, pab kom tsis muaj kuab paug, standardized thiab sai zus tau tej cov zaub seedlings. , thiab shortens lub seedling voj voog. Nyob rau sab qab teb Tuam Tshoj, nws yuav siv sijhawm li 60 hnub los cog cov kua txob thiab txiv lws suav (3-4 nplooj tiag tiag) hauv cov tsev cog khoom yas, thiab txog 35 hnub rau dib seedlings (3-5 nplooj tiag tiag). Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws tsuas yog siv sijhawm 17 hnub los cog cov txiv lws suav thiab 25 hnub rau cov kua txob seedlings nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm photoperiod ntawm 20 h thiab PPF ntawm 200-300 μmol / (m2•s). Piv nrog rau txoj kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev cog khoom, kev siv LED cog cog cog kev cog qoob loo ua rau txo qis kev loj hlob ntawm dib los ntawm 15-30 hnub, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov poj niam paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib tsob ntoo nce 33.8% thiab 37.3%. , raws li, thiab qhov siab tshaj tawm tau nce los ntawm 71.44%.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob efficiency, lub zog siv efficiency ntawm cov nroj tsuag factories yog siab tshaj ntawm Venlo-hom tsev cog khoom nyob rau tib lub latitude. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib lub Hoobkas Swedish cog, 1411 MJ yuav tsum tau tsim 1 kg ntawm qhuav qhuav ntawm lettuce, thaum 1699 MJ yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov hluav taws xob xav tau rau ib kilogram ntawm lettuce qhuav teeb meem raug xam, lub Hoobkas cog xav tau 247 kW · h los tsim 1 kg qhuav qhov hnyav ntawm lettuce, thiab cov tsev cog khoom hauv Sweden, Netherlands, thiab United Arab Emirates xav tau 182 kW · H, 70 kW·h, thiab 111 kW·h, feem.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov chaw tsim khoom, kev siv cov khoos phis tawj, cov cuab yeej siv tsis siv neeg, kev txawj ntse thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tswj hwm cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo, tshem tawm cov kev txwv ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, thiab paub txog kev txawj ntse, mechanized thiab txhua xyoo ruaj khov ntawm cov noob qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov nroj tsuag cog qoob loo tau siv rau hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov nplooj ntoo, zaub txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm cov qoob loo kev lag luam hauv Nyiv, Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Kev nqis peev siab pib ntawm cov chaw cog qoob loo, cov nqi khiav lag luam siab, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob loj loj tseem yog cov tsis muaj zog uas txwv kev txhawb nqa cov noob qoob loo hauv Suav teb cog qoob loo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov kev xav tau ntawm cov txiaj ntsig siab thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob raws li cov tswv yim tswj lub teeb, tsim cov qauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov zaub, thiab cov khoom siv automation los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kev cuam tshuam ntawm LED teeb ib puag ncig ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog hauv cov chaw cog qoob loo hauv xyoo tas los no raug tshuaj xyuas, nrog rau kev saib xyuas ntawm kev tshawb fawb cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb kev tswj ntawm cov zaub seedlings nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag factories.

1. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ib puag ncig rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob qoob loo

Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig zoo rau cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, lub teeb tsis yog tsuas yog lub zog rau cov nroj tsuag kom ua tiav photosynthesis, tab sis kuj yog lub teeb liab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov nroj tsuag photomorphogenesis. Cov nroj tsuag paub txog cov kev taw qhia, lub zog thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb liab los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, tswj lawv tus kheej txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, thiab teb rau qhov muaj los yog tsis muaj, wavelength, siv thiab lub sij hawm ntawm lub teeb. Tam sim no paub cov nroj tsuag photoreceptors suav nrog tsawg kawg peb chav kawm: phytochromes (PHYA ~ PHYE) uas paub lub teeb liab thiab deb-liab (FR), cryptochromes (CRY1 thiab CRY2) uas hnov ​​xiav thiab ultraviolet A, thiab Cov Khoom (Phot1 thiab Phot2), cov UV-B receptor UVR8 uas paub UV-B. Cov photoreceptors koom nrog thiab tswj cov kev qhia ntawm cov noob muaj feem xyuam thiab tom qab ntawd tswj hwm lub neej kev ua ub no xws li cog noob germination, photomorphogenesis, flowering lub sij hawm, synthesis thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm theem nrab metabolites, thiab kam rau siab rau biotic thiab abiotic stresses.

2. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm LED teeb ib puag ncig ntawm photomorphological tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag

2.1 Cov teebmeem ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb zoo ntawm Photomorphogenesis ntawm cov noob zaub

Cov cheeb tsam liab thiab xiav ntawm lub spectrum muaj quantum ua tau zoo rau cov nplooj nplooj photosynthesis. Txawm li cas los xij, ntev ntev ntawm cov nplooj nplooj mus rau lub teeb liab ntshiab yuav ua rau lub photosystem puas, uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm "lub teeb liab" xws li stunted stomatal teb, txo qis photosynthetic muaj peev xwm thiab nitrogen siv efficiency, thiab kev loj hlob retardation. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teeb siv tsawg (100 ± 5 μmol / (m2•s)), lub teeb liab ntshiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov chloroplasts ntawm ob leeg hluas thiab cov nplooj loj hlob ntawm dib, tab sis cov chloroplasts puas tau rov qab los tom qab nws hloov los ntawm lub teeb liab ntshiab. rau lub teeb liab thiab xiav (R: B = 7: 3). Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, thaum lub dib nroj tsuag hloov los ntawm lub teeb liab-xiav ib puag ncig mus rau lub teeb liab dawb huv ib puag ncig, cov photosynthetic efficiency tsis txo qis, uas qhia txog kev hloov mus rau lub teeb liab. Los ntawm electron microscope tsom xam ntawm nplooj qauv ntawm dib seedlings nrog "liab teeb syndrome", cov neeg sim pom tias cov naj npawb ntawm chloroplasts, qhov loj ntawm starch granules, thiab lub thickness ntawm grana nyob rau hauv nplooj nyob rau hauv lub ntshiab liab lub teeb yog ho txo ​​qis dua cov nyob rau hauv. kho lub teeb dawb. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb xiav txhim kho lub ultrastructure thiab photosynthetic yam ntxwv ntawm dib chloroplasts thiab tshem tawm cov khoom noj khoom haus ntau dhau. Piv nrog lub teeb dawb thiab lub teeb liab thiab xiav, lub teeb liab ntshiab tau txhawb nqa hypocotyl elongation thiab cotyledon nthuav dav ntawm cov txiv lws suav, ua kom cov nroj tsuag qhov siab thiab nplooj, tab sis txo qis photosynthetic muaj peev xwm, txo Rubisco cov ntsiab lus thiab photochemical efficiency, thiab ua kom kub dissipation. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov nroj tsuag sib txawv teb txawv rau tib lub teeb zoo, tab sis piv nrog lub teeb monochromatic, cov nroj tsuag muaj cov photosynthesis ntau dua thiab muaj zog loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm cov teeb sib xyaw.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua ntau yam kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua kom zoo ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ua ke ntawm cov noob qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv tib lub teeb siv, nrog rau qhov nce ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb liab, cov nroj tsuag qhov siab thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov txiv lws suav thiab dib seedlings tau zoo dua, thiab kev kho mob nrog ib tug ratio ntawm liab mus rau xiav ntawm 3: 1 muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyhuv; Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qhov sib piv siab ntawm xiav lub teeb Nws inhibited kev loj hlob ntawm txiv lws suav thiab dib seedlings, uas yog luv thiab compact, tab sis nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhuav teeb meem thiab chlorophyll nyob rau hauv lub tua ntawm seedlings. Cov qauv zoo sib xws tau pom nyob rau hauv lwm cov qoob loo, xws li kua txob thiab txiv lws suav. Tsis tas li ntawd, piv nrog lub teeb dawb, lub teeb liab thiab xiav (R: B = 3: 1) tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov nplooj tuab, cov ntsiab lus chlorophyll, photosynthetic efficiency thiab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ntawm cov txiv lws suav, tab sis kuj qhia qib ntawm cov enzymes ntsig txog. mus rau Calvin lub voj voog, kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij cov ntsiab lus thiab carbohydrate tsub zuj zuj kuj tseem txhim kho. Muab piv rau ob qhov sib piv ntawm lub teeb liab thiab xiav (R: B = 2: 1, 4: 1), qhov sib piv ntau dua ntawm lub teeb xiav yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim cov poj niam paj hauv cov noob dib thiab ua kom lub sijhawm paj ntawm cov poj niam paj. . Txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb liab thiab xiav tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov qoob loo tshiab ntawm kale, arugula, thiab mustard seedlings, qhov sib piv siab ntawm lub teeb xiav (30% xiav lub teeb) txo qis hypocotyl ntev thiab cotyledon cheeb tsam ntawm kale. thiab mustard seedlings, thaum cotyledon xim tob tob. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov seedlings, ib tug tsim nyog nce nyob rau hauv qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm xiav lub teeb yuav ua tau kom shorten lub node spacing thiab nplooj ntoos cheeb tsam ntawm zaub seedlings, txhawb lub lateral extension ntawm seedlings, thiab txhim kho lub seedling zog Performance index, uas yog conducive rau. cultivating robust seedlings. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas lub teeb siv tseem tsis tau hloov pauv, qhov nce ntawm lub teeb ntsuab hauv lub teeb liab thiab xiav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub, thaj chaw nplooj thiab cog qhov siab ntawm cov kua txob qab zib. Piv nrog rau lub teeb dawb fluorescent, nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab-ntsuab-xiav (R3: G2: B5) lub teeb, Y[II], qP thiab ETR ntawm 'Okagi No. 1 txiv lws suav' cov noob tau zoo dua. Ntxiv ntawm UV lub teeb (100 μmol / (m2•s) xiav lub teeb + 7% UV-A) rau lub teeb xiav ntshiab ua rau txo qis qia elongation ceev ntawm arugula thiab mustard, thaum supplementation ntawm FR yog qhov opposite. Qhov no kuj qhia tau hais tias ntxiv rau lub teeb liab thiab xiav, lwm yam teeb pom kev zoo kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Txawm hais tias tsis yog lub teeb ultraviolet lossis FR yog lub zog ntawm photosynthesis, ob qho tib si koom nrog hauv cov nroj tsuag photomorphogenesis. High-intensity UV teeb muaj teeb meem rau cov nroj tsuag DNA thiab cov proteins, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, UV lub teeb ua rau cov lus teb ntawm cellular stress, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob, morphology thiab kev loj hlob kom hloov mus rau ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qis R / FR ua rau cov lus teb tsis zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xws li qia elongation, nplooj thinning, thiab txo cov teeb meem qhuav tawm. Ib lub stalk tsis yog qhov kev loj hlob zoo rau kev loj hlob muaj zog seedlings. Rau cov nplooj thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog qoob loo, ruaj, compact thiab elastic seedlings tsis muaj teeb meem thaum thauj thiab cog.

UV-A tuaj yeem ua rau dib yub cov nroj tsuag luv luv thiab ntau dua, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tom qab hloov pauv tsis txawv ntawm qhov kev tswj hwm; thaum UV-B muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj dua, thiab cov txiaj ntsig txo qis tom qab hloov pauv tsis tseem ceeb. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau qhia tias UV-A inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab ua rau cov nroj tsuag dwarfed. Tab sis muaj cov pov thawj loj hlob uas muaj UV-A, es tsis txhob txo cov qoob loo biomass, txhawb nws. Piv nrog rau qhov yooj yim liab thiab dawb lub teeb (R: W = 2: 3, PPFD yog 250 μmol / (m2·s)), qhov ntxiv siv hauv lub teeb liab thiab dawb yog 10 W / m2 (li 10 μmol / (m2·· s)) UV-A ntawm kale tau nce biomass, internode ntev, qia txoj kab uas hla thiab tsob nroj canopy dav ntawm kale seedlings, tab sis cov kev txhawb zog tsis muaj zog thaum lub UV siv tshaj 10 W / m2. Txhua hnub 2 h UV-A supplementation (0.45 J / (m2•s)) tuaj yeem ua kom cov nroj tsuag qhov siab, thaj chaw cotyledon thiab qhov hnyav tshiab ntawm 'Oxheart' lws suav seedlings, thaum txo qis H2O2 cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv lws suav. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov qoob loo sib txawv teb txawv rau UV teeb, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag siab ntawm cov qoob loo rau UV teeb.

Rau cultivation grafted seedlings, qhov ntev ntawm qia yuav tsum tau tsim kom tsim nyog ntxiv kom pab tau rootstock grafting. Kev sib txawv ntawm FR muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lws suav, kua txob, dib, gourd thiab watermelon seedlings. Ntxiv ntawm 18.9 μmol / (m2•s) ntawm FR nyob rau hauv lub teeb txias dawb ua rau kom lub hypocotyl ntev thiab qia txoj kab uas hla ntawm txiv lws suav thiab kua txob seedlings; FR ntawm 34.1 μmol / (m2•s) muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhawb nqa hypocotyl ntev thiab qia txoj kab uas hla ntawm dib, gourd thiab watermelon seedlings; High-intensity FR (53.4 μmol / (m2•s)) muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tsib zaub no. Qhov ntev hypocotyl thiab qia txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yub tsis tau nce ntxiv lawm, thiab pib qhia qhov kev poob qis. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov kua txob tshiab tau poob qis, qhia tau hais tias FR saturation qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tsib lub noob zaub tau qis dua 53.4 μmol / (m2•s), thiab FR tus nqi qis dua li ntawm FR. Cov teebmeem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv kuj txawv.

2.2 Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib txawv nruab hnub nrig ntawm Photomorphogenesis ntawm Zaub Seedlings

Lub Hnub Ci Integral (DLI) sawv cev rau tag nrho cov nyiaj ntawm photosynthetic photons tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag saum npoo hauv ib hnub, uas muaj feem xyuam rau lub teeb siv thiab lub teeb lub sij hawm. Cov mis laij lej yog DLI (mol/m2/hnub) = lub teeb siv [μmol/(m2•s)] × Txhua hnub lub teeb (h) × 3600 × 10-6. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis tshua muaj teeb pom kev zoo, cov nroj tsuag teb rau ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm elongating qia thiab internode ntev, ua kom cov nroj tsuag qhov siab, petiole ntev thiab nplooj nplooj, thiab txo cov nplooj tuab thiab net photosynthetic tus nqi. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm lub teeb siv, tshwj tsis yog rau mustard, lub hypocotyl ntev thiab qia elongation ntawm arugula, cabbage thiab kale seedlings nyob rau hauv tib lub teeb zoo poob ho. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov nyhuv ntawm lub teeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab morphogenesis muaj feem xyuam rau lub teeb siv thiab cov nroj tsuag hom. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm DLI (8.64 ~ 28.8 mol / m2 / hnub), cov nroj tsuag hom dib seedlings ua luv luv, muaj zog thiab compact, thiab cov nplooj hnyav thiab cov ntsiab lus chlorophyll maj mam txo. 6-16 hnub tom qab sowing ntawm dib seedlings, nplooj thiab keeb kwm qhuav. Qhov hnyav maj mam nce, thiab qhov kev loj hlob maj mam nce, tab sis 16 mus rau 21 hnub tom qab sowing, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm nplooj thiab cov hauv paus hniav ntawm dib seedlings poob ho. Enhanced DLI txhawb nqa cov net photosynthetic npaum li cas ntawm dib seedlings, tab sis tom qab ib tug tej yam nqi, lub net photosynthetic tus nqi pib poob. Yog li ntawd, xaiv qhov tsim nyog DLI thiab siv cov tswv yim sib txawv ntawm lub teeb pom kev sib txawv ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev loj hlob tuaj yeem txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm soluble qab zib thiab SOD enzyme nyob rau hauv dib thiab txiv lws suav seedlings nce nrog nce ntawm DLI siv. Thaum qhov kev siv DLI nce los ntawm 7.47 mol / m2 / hnub mus rau 11.26 mol / m2 / hnub, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov suab thaj soluble thiab SOD enzyme hauv dib seedlings nce 81.03%, thiab 55.5% feem. Nyob rau hauv tib lub DLI tej yam kev mob, nrog rau qhov nce ntawm lub teeb siv thiab lub shortening ntawm lub teeb lub sij hawm, PSII kev ua ntawm txiv lws suav thiab dib seedlings twb inhibited, thiab xaiv ib tug ntxiv lub teeb lub tswv yim ntawm tsawg lub teeb siv thiab ntev lub sij hawm yog ntau conducive rau cultivating siab yub. index thiab photochemical efficiency ntawm dib thiab lws suav seedlings.

Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov grafted seedlings, qhov tsawg lub teeb ib puag ncig yuav ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ntawm grafted seedlings thiab nce nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kho. Tsim nyog lub teeb siv tsis tau tsuas yog txhim khu lub peev xwm ntawm lub grafted kho qhov chaw thiab txhim kho qhov Performance index ntawm muaj zog seedlings, tab sis kuj txo qhov node txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov poj niam paj thiab nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov poj niam paj. Hauv cov chaw cog qoob loo, DLI ntawm 2.5-7.5 mol / m2 / hnub tau txaus los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov txiv lws suav grafted seedlings. Lub compactness thiab nplooj tuab ntawm grafted txiv lws suav seedlings nce ho nrog nce DLI siv. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias grafted seedlings tsis xav tau siab lub teeb siv rau kho. Yog li ntawd, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub zog noj thiab cog ib puag ncig, xaiv qhov tsim nyog siv lub teeb yuav pab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam.

3. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm LED teeb ib puag ncig ntawm kev ntxhov siab tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag zaub

Cov nroj tsuag tau txais cov teeb pom kev sab nraud los ntawm photoreceptors, ua rau cov synthesis thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov teeb liab molecules hauv cov nroj tsuag, yog li hloov kev loj hlob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab thaum kawg txhim kho cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Lub teeb zoo sib txawv muaj qee yam kev txhawb nqa rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua kom txias txias thiab ntsev kam rau ntawm cov noob. Piv txwv li, thaum cov txiv lws suav tau ntxiv nrog lub teeb rau 4 teev tsaus ntuj, piv nrog kev kho mob yam tsis muaj teeb pom kev ntxiv, lub teeb dawb, lub teeb liab, lub teeb xiav, thiab lub teeb liab thiab xiav tuaj yeem txo cov electrolyte permeability thiab MDA cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv lws suav, thiab txhim kho qhov ua kom txias txias. Kev ua ub no ntawm SOD, POD thiab CAT hauv cov txiv lws suav hauv kev kho mob ntawm 8: 2 liab-xiav piv tau ntau dua li lwm cov kev kho mob, thiab lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog antioxidant ntau dua thiab ua rau txias txias.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm UV-B ntawm cov noob taum cog qoob loo yog tsuas yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov nroj tsuag kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hauv paus NO thiab ROS, suav nrog cov tshuaj hormone signaling molecules xws li ABA, SA, thiab JA, thiab inhibit hauv paus kev loj hlob los ntawm kev txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm IAA. , CTK, and GA. Lub photoreceptor ntawm UV-B, UVR8, tsis yog tsuas yog koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm photomorphogenesis, tab sis kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv UV-B kev ntxhov siab. Hauv cov txiv lws suav, UVR8 kho cov synthesis thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm anthocyanins, thiab UV-acclimated qus lws suav seedlings txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm los tiv nrog high-kev nyuaj siab UV-B. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv ntawm UV-B rau kev ntxhov siab vim los ntawm Arabidopsis tsis nyob ntawm UVR8 txoj hauv kev, uas qhia tau tias UV-B ua lub teeb liab cuam tshuam los ntawm kev teb ntawm cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv mechanisms, kom ntau yam tshuaj hormones koom ua ke. koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ntxhov siab, ua rau ROS khawb qhov peev xwm.

Ob qho tib si elongation ntawm cov nroj tsuag hypocotyl los yog qia tshwm sim los ntawm FR thiab kev hloov ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau kev ntxhov siab yog tswj los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones cog. Yog li ntawd, "shade zam qhov cuam tshuam" tshwm sim los ntawm FR yog cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag txias. Cov kws sim tau ntxiv cov qoob loo barley 18 hnub tom qab germination ntawm 15 ° C rau 10 hnub, txias rau 5 ° C + ntxiv FR rau 7 hnub, thiab pom tias piv nrog kev kho lub teeb dawb, FR txhim kho Frost tsis kam ntawm barley seedlings. Cov txheej txheem no yog nrog nce ABA thiab IAA cov ntsiab lus hauv barley seedlings. Tom qab hloov ntawm 15 ° C FR-pretreated barley seedlings mus rau 5 ° C thiab txuas ntxiv FR ntxiv rau 7 hnub ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws rau ob qho kev kho saum toj no, tab sis nrog txo ABA teb. Cov nroj tsuag muaj qhov sib txawv R: FR qhov tseem ceeb tswj cov biosynthesis ntawm phytohormones (GA, IAA, CTK, thiab ABA), uas tseem koom nrog cov nroj tsuag ntsev kam rau ua. Hauv qab ntsev ntsev, qhov qis qis R: FR lub teeb ib puag ncig tuaj yeem txhim kho cov antioxidant thiab photosynthetic muaj peev xwm ntawm cov txiv lws suav, txo cov qoob loo ntawm ROS thiab MDA, thiab txhim kho cov ntsev kam rau ua. Ob qho kev nyuaj siab salinity thiab qis R: FR tus nqi (R: FR = 0.8) inhibited biosynthesis ntawm chlorophyll, uas tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm PBG rau UroIII hauv txoj kev chlorophyll synthesis, thaum qhov qis R: FR ib puag ncig tuaj yeem txo qis. salinity Stress-induced impairment ntawm chlorophyll synthesis. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm phytochromes thiab ntsev kam rau ua.

Ntxiv nrog rau qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo, lwm yam ib puag ncig ib puag ncig kuj cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob thiab zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag zaub. Piv txwv li, qhov nce ntawm CO2 concentration yuav ua rau kom lub teeb saturation siab tshaj plaws tus nqi Pn (Pnmax), txo lub teeb them nyiaj taw tes, thiab txhim kho lub teeb siv efficiency. Qhov nce ntawm lub teeb siv thiab CO2 concentration pab txhim kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm photosynthetic pigments, dej siv efficiency thiab kev ua ub no ntawm enzymes uas muaj feem xyuam rau Calvin voj voog, thiab thaum kawg ua tau zoo dua photosynthetic efficiency thiab biomass tsub zuj zuj ntawm lws suav seedlings. Qhov hnyav qhuav thiab compactness ntawm lws suav thiab kua txob seedlings tau zoo correlated nrog DLI, thiab qhov kev hloov ntawm kub kuj cuam tshuam txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev kho DLI. Qhov ib puag ncig ntawm 23 ~ 25 ℃ yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm lws suav seedlings. Raws li qhov ntsuas kub thiab lub teeb, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev los kwv yees tus txheeb ze ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kua txob raws li tus qauv bate tis, uas tuaj yeem muab kev taw qhia kev tshawb fawb rau kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig ntawm cov kua txob grafted seedling ntau lawm.

Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim ib lub teeb txoj cai nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, tsis tsuas yog lub teeb ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb thiab cov nroj tsuag hom yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, tab sis kuj cultivation thiab tswj yam xws li yub noj zaub mov thiab dej tswj, roj ib puag ncig, kub, thiab seedling loj hlob theem.

4. Teeb meem thiab Outlooks

Ua ntej, kev tswj lub teeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog qoob loo yog cov txheej txheem sophisticated, thiab cov teebmeem ntawm cov teeb pom kev sib txawv ntawm ntau hom zaub seedlings nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag Hoobkas ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kom meej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov noob qoob loo, kev tshawb nrhiav txuas ntxiv yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj kev paub tab.

Qhov thib ob, txawm hais tias lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntawm LED lub teeb ci yog qhov siab, lub zog siv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo yog lub zog siv rau kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas siv lub teeb ci. Kev siv hluav taws xob loj ntawm cov chaw cog qoob loo tseem yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb txwv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov chaw cog qoob loo.

Thaum kawg, nrog rau kev siv dav ntawm cov nroj tsuag teeb pom kev zoo hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, tus nqi ntawm LED cog teeb yuav tsum tau txo qis heev yav tom ntej; ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, kev nce nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tom qab muaj kev sib kis, qhov tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm yog khi los txhawb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab automation ntawm ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev txawj ntse-raws li kev tswj cov qauv thiab cov cuab yeej tsim khoom ntse yuav dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb rau kev cog qoob loo cog qoob loo, thiab tseem yuav txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog qoob loo technology.

Sau: Jiehui Tan, Houcheng Liu
Cov ntsiab lus: Wechat account ntawm Agricultural Engineering Technology (tsev cog khoom cog qoob loo)